The most important point is this: Mixing is about achieving a good-sounding balance among instruments, so some will be higher in level, and some will be lower. It's not that you "should" set a higher or lower level, as that decision is more an artistic than a technical decision. Those are the basics.does that make sense? When mixing, it's good practice to leave the master fader at 0 dB, then adjust the individual channel faders so that the master output meter never goes high enough to light red.
When you play back the track with its peak level of -3 dB, the meter will show the peak level as -1.0 instead of -3 dB because that original signal coming from the track has been boosted by 2 dB, thanks to turning up the fader. If you set the fader so its readout is 2.0, it's boosting the signal from the track by 2 dB.
Now that peak track level of -3 dB shows up as -7 dB on the meter because it is 4 dB lower. This means it's attenuating the signal (i.e., reducing its level) by 4 dB. Now, suppose you set the fader so the fader readout shows -4.
So, if the peak level on a track is -3 dB, and the fader is set for 0, then the peak reading on the meter will be -3. When the fader readout shows 0, that means it's set for unity gain. In mixers and audio in general, there's a concept called "unity gain." This means that something (like an amplifier) neither amplifies nor attenuates - the signal at the amplifier's output is the same level as the level at the amplifier's input. In that case you need to turn up the fader. If the levels are too low, then that may lead to noise creeping in because the signal-to-noise ratio is too low - in other words, there's less signal, and more noise. If the meters go so high they turn red, then the levels are too high and you need to bring down the fader. The reason why levels are important is that if the levels are too high, then you can overload the system, which creates distortion. In the console view, the faders work in tandem with the meters to their right to help you set levels. They're a readout that shows how much a fader is boosting or attenuating a signal. As John points out, the numbers below the faders don't "do" anything.
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